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Henryk Grossman (alternative spelling: ''Henryk Grossmann''; April 14, 1881 – November 24, 1950) was an economist, historian, and revolutionary from Galicia. Born Kraków, Poland Grossman studied economics and law in Kraków and Vienna. In 1925 he joined the Institute for Social Research in Frankfurt. He left Germany in the 1930s and returned to become Professor of Political Economy at Leipzig University in 1949. Grossman's key contribution to political-economic theory was his book, ''The Law of Accumulation and Breakdown of the Capitalist System'', a study in Marxian crisis theory. It was published in Leipzig months before the Stock Market Crash of 1929. ==Early life and education== Grossman was born as Chaskel Grossman into a relatively prosperous Jewish family in Kraków, Poland (then a part of Austrian Galicia).〔Rick Kuhn ''Henryk Grossman and the Recovery of Marxism'' p.2〕 He joined the socialist movement around 1898, becoming a member of the Social Democratic Party of Galicia (GPSD), an affiliate of the Social Democratic Workers' Party of Austria.〔Rick Kuhn ''Henryk Grossman and the Recovery of Marxism'' p.4〕 The GPSD, led by Ignacy Daszyński, was formally Marxist, but dominated by Polish nationalists close to the Polish Socialist Party (PPS).〔Rick Kuhn ''Henryk Grossman and the Recovery of Marxism'' pp. 4–7〕 When the Ukrainian Social Democratic Party in Galicia (USPD) was formed in 1899, the GSPD became the Polish Social Democratic Party (PPSD) and the Polish nationalist current was strengthened.〔Rick Kuhn ''Henryk Grossman and the Recovery of Marxism'' p.6〕 Grossman led the resistance of orthodox Marxists to this current. Along with Karl Radek, he was active in the socialist student movement, particularly in ''Ruch'' (Movement), which included members of the PPSD as well as of the two socialist parties in the Kingdom of Poland, the PPS and the Social Democracy of the Kingdom of Poland and Lithuania (SDKPiL – led by Rosa Luxemburg and Leo Jogiches).〔Rick Kuhn ''Henryk Grossman and the Recovery of Marxism'' pp. 8–16〕 He was the main figure in the newspaper ''Zjednoczenie'' (Unification), which took a line close to the SDKPiL, against the pro-PPS politics of ''Ruch''s main organ, ''Promień'' for which he was censured by the PPSD and its newspaper ''Naprzód''.〔Rick Kuhn ''Henryk Grossman and the Recovery of Marxism'' pp. 10–16〕 During this period, Grossman learned Yiddish and became involved in the Jewish workers movement in Kraków. Grossman was the founding secretary and theoretician of the Jewish Social Democratic Party of Galicia (JSDP) in 1905. The JSDP broke with the PPSD over the latter's belief that the Jewish workers should assimilate to Polish culture. It took a position close to the Bund, and was critical of the labour Zionism of the Poale Zion as well to assimilationist forms of socialism.〔Rick Kuhn ''Henryk Grossman and the Recovery of Marxism'' pp. 16–72〕 The JSDP sought to affiliate to the Social Democratic Workers' Party of Austria (the General Party), but this was refused. However, the JSDP was active alongside the General Party, for example for universal suffrage. At the end of 1908, Grossman went to Vienna to study the Marxian economic historian Carl Grünberg, withdrawing from his leadership role in the JSDP (although he remained on its executive until 1911 and had contact with the small JSDP group in Vienna, the Ferdinand Lassalle Club).〔Rick Kuhn ''Henryk Grossman and the Recovery of Marxism'' pp. 70–77〕 With the destruction of the Austro-Hungarian empire at the end of World War I, Grossman became an economist in Poland, and joined the Communist Party of Poland. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Henryk Grossman」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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